What is a urinary tract infection?
Your urinary tract is part of a remarkably efficient system for removing waste, salts, and fluids from your body. Combined with the body’s powerful immune defenses, the system stunts bacterial growth and prevents infection. In fact, urine is normally sterile.
Despite this, bacteria sometimes bypass the barriers and lodge in the urethra. Once there, they quickly multiply and cause a wide range of problems, including:
- Abscesses
- Bladder infections (cystitis)
- Kidney infections (pyelonephritis)
- Urethra infections (urethritis)
What causes urinary tract infections?
Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, which live in the colon, are the most common invaders of the urinary tract, causing 90% of all UTIs. Most cases unrelated to E. coli are related to other bacteria.
What are the symptoms of urinary tract infection?
You could be suffering from a UTI if you experience one or more of the following symptoms:
- Frequent need to urinate
- Pain or burning when urinating
- Cloudy, reddish, or dark urine
- Foul smelling urine
- Pain in the back, side, or ribs
- Fatigue
- Nausea and vomiting
How are urinary tract infections diagnosed?
Your doctor reviews your medical history and performs a physical exam. Usually, he’ll gather a urine sample and have the lab run a urinalysis, a test that can detect the presence of bacteria. Additional tests include:
- Cystoscopy for examining the urethra and bladder
- Renal ultrasound for detecting kidney stones or other obstructions
- X-rays for checking the condition of the bladder, kidneys, and ureters
How are urinary tract infections treated?
Treatment varies according to the scope of the disease, your age, and preferences. Typically, your doctor prescribes antibacterial medications or other drugs.
How can I prevent recurring urinary tract infections?
Certain behaviors can increase your chances of getting more UTIs. Your doctor might advise you to eliminate high-risk behaviors like smoking or excessive alcohol consumption. Additionally, adopting these healthy habits can greatly reduce recurring UTIs:
- Drink lots of water to flush bacteria from your urinary tract
- Combat bacteria by drinking fluids high in vitamin C, such as cranberry juice
- Urinate as soon as you feel the need
- Avoid moisture-trapping, nylon underwear and use loose-fitting cotton instead
- Keep your genitals clean, and urinate shortly after sexual activity
You don’t need to suffer from the pain and discomfort of a urinary tract infection. With the right treatment, you can get rapid relief and return to your active lifestyle. Call or book an appointment online today for expert evaluation and therapy at the Urology Center of Florida.
